Training

Simple offers free post-acute industry training events covering important topics like PDPM, reimbursement, compliance workflow, CMS regulatory change, Texas Medicaid and more. The training resources below are available free of charge for all providers. Got a topic you’d like us to cover? Let us know!

Featured image for “[Free webinar] Gettin’ GG With It: Breaking It Down Step-by-Step”

[Free webinar] Gettin’ GG With It: Breaking It Down Step-by-Step

Featured image for “[On-demand] Wheeling & Walking: Measuring functional outcomes with Section GG”

[On-demand] Wheeling & Walking: Measuring functional outcomes with Section GG

Featured image for “[Webinar] PBJ Impacts & Insights for Rhode Island”

[Webinar] PBJ Impacts & Insights for Rhode Island

Featured image for “[Free webinar] Quarterly PBJ Webinar – Q2 2024 Edition”

[Free webinar] Quarterly PBJ Webinar – Q2 2024 Edition

Featured image for “[AAPACN 2024] Join us for some “R&R” – Referrals & Reimbursement”

[AAPACN 2024] Join us for some “R&R” – Referrals & Reimbursement

Featured image for “[Free webinar] PDPM Power Hour: Level up your reimbursement”

[Free webinar] PDPM Power Hour: Level up your reimbursement

Featured image for “[Free webinar] Sink or Swim? What we’ve learned after four years of PDGM”

[Free webinar] Sink or Swim? What we’ve learned after four years of PDGM

Featured image for “[On-demand] Managed Care Madness: Data strategies for SNF Medicare Advantage success”

[On-demand] Managed Care Madness: Data strategies for SNF Medicare Advantage success

Featured image for “[On-demand] Mastering M2020 Oral Medications: The impact of M2020 accuracy on quality & outcomes”

[On-demand] Mastering M2020 Oral Medications: The impact of M2020 accuracy on quality & outcomes

Featured image for “[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q1 2024 Edition”

[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q1 2024 Edition

Featured image for “[On-demand] Don’t Breeze Thru Dyspnea: Understanding the Impact of M1400”

[On-demand] Don’t Breeze Thru Dyspnea: Understanding the Impact of M1400

Featured image for “[On-demand] Investigating the latest SNF reimbursement issues in Texas”

[On-demand] Investigating the latest SNF reimbursement issues in Texas

Featured image for “[Home Health Webinar] Don’t be late for Section GG: Prepare now for the new Discharge Function Score”

[Home Health Webinar] Don’t be late for Section GG: Prepare now for the new Discharge Function Score

Featured image for “[On-demand] Form 1012 review and PASRR requirement updates”

[On-demand] Form 1012 review and PASRR requirement updates

Featured image for “[On-demand] Transforming Triple-Check: How to turn denials into dollars”

[On-demand] Transforming Triple-Check: How to turn denials into dollars

Featured image for “[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q4 2023 Edition”

[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q4 2023 Edition

Featured image for “[On-demand] Texas Clients: Intro to New LTCMI/MDS Workflow in SimpleCFS™”

[On-demand] Texas Clients: Intro to New LTCMI/MDS Workflow in SimpleCFS™

Featured image for “[On-demand] Top 10 for 10/1: Top CMS changes in October”

[On-demand] Top 10 for 10/1: Top CMS changes in October

Featured image for “[On-demand] Untangling the Final Rule: Shedding light on the FY 2024 Final Rule”

[On-demand] Untangling the Final Rule: Shedding light on the FY 2024 Final Rule

Featured image for “Texas Simple clients: Important upcoming MDS/LTCMI changes in TMHP”

Texas Simple clients: Important upcoming MDS/LTCMI changes in TMHP

Featured image for “[On-Demand] The Ever-Expanding Value-Based Purchasing Program for SNFs”

[On-Demand] The Ever-Expanding Value-Based Purchasing Program for SNFs

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q3 2023 Edition”

[On-demand webinar] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q3 2023 Edition

Featured image for “[On-Demand] A Survivor’s Guide to Claim Reviews: Prepare NOW for Medicare Claim Audits”

[On-Demand] A Survivor’s Guide to Claim Reviews: Prepare NOW for Medicare Claim Audits

Featured image for “[On-Demand] PASRR Level 1 (PL1) Screening Form Overview”

[On-Demand] PASRR Level 1 (PL1) Screening Form Overview

Featured image for “[On-Demand] No Kidding! The MDS 3.0 v1.18.11 is a Really Big Deal!”

[On-Demand] No Kidding! The MDS 3.0 v1.18.11 is a Really Big Deal!

Featured image for “[Webinar] PBJ Impacts and Insights: Strategies for PBJ success in South Carolina”

[Webinar] PBJ Impacts and Insights: Strategies for PBJ success in South Carolina

Featured image for “[On-Demand] Beyond iQIES with ADVION”

[On-Demand] Beyond iQIES with ADVION

Featured image for “[On-Demand] CMS Claim Reviews: What SNFs need to know NOW”

[On-Demand] CMS Claim Reviews: What SNFs need to know NOW

Featured image for “[On-Demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q2 2023 Edition”

[On-Demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q2 2023 Edition

Featured image for “[On-demand] Shipwrecked or smooth sailing? How to stay on course with GG & PDPM”

[On-demand] Shipwrecked or smooth sailing? How to stay on course with GG & PDPM

Featured image for “[On-demand] CMS’s new schizophrenia audits: What you need to know NOW”

[On-demand] CMS’s new schizophrenia audits: What you need to know NOW

Featured image for “[On-demand] WQIP workshop: What California SNFs need to know NOW”

[On-demand] WQIP workshop: What California SNFs need to know NOW

Featured image for “[On-demand] Regulatory Road Trip 2023”

[On-demand] Regulatory Road Trip 2023

Featured image for “[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q1 2023 Edition”

[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar – Q1 2023 Edition

Featured image for “[On-demand] Managing Texas NFSS LTC Online Portal Requests”

[On-demand] Managing Texas NFSS LTC Online Portal Requests

Featured image for “[On-demand] 5 Hidden Pitfalls: Optimizing your therapy partnerships & contracts”

[On-demand] 5 Hidden Pitfalls: Optimizing your therapy partnerships & contracts

Featured image for “[On-demand] Making sense of the SNF data deluge”

[On-demand] Making sense of the SNF data deluge

Featured image for “[On-demand] iQIES for the Commonwealth: What Pennsylvania SNFs need to know”

[On-demand] iQIES for the Commonwealth: What Pennsylvania SNFs need to know

Featured image for “[On-demand] Preparing for PDPM change: It’s not just for Medicare anymore”

[On-demand] Preparing for PDPM change: It’s not just for Medicare anymore

Featured image for “[On-demand] Don’t let PBJ sink your Five-Star: Learn to maximize staffing data outcomes”

[On-demand] Don’t let PBJ sink your Five-Star: Learn to maximize staffing data outcomes

Featured image for “[On-demand] MDS 3.0 changes: Prepare now for the coming waves!”

[On-demand] MDS 3.0 changes: Prepare now for the coming waves!

Featured image for “[On-demand] Unlocking iQIES: What SNFs need to know NOW”

[On-demand] Unlocking iQIES: What SNFs need to know NOW

Featured image for “[On-demand] What’s all this about GG? It’s Game Time!”

[On-demand] What’s all this about GG? It’s Game Time!

Featured image for “TMHP updates arrive Aug 25, 2022: What to expect”

TMHP updates arrive Aug 25, 2022: What to expect

Featured image for “[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar: Avoiding Falling Stars & More”

[On-demand] PBJ Quarterly Webinar: Avoiding Falling Stars & More

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PBJ Five-Star Success: Critical Payroll-Based Journal Strategies for SNFs”

[On-demand webinar] PBJ Five-Star Success: Critical Payroll-Based Journal Strategies for SNFs

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Inseparable Friends: VBP and QRP”

[On-demand webinar] Inseparable Friends: VBP and QRP

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PBJ Prep: Be sure you’re ready for the May 15 deadline”

[On-demand webinar] PBJ Prep: Be sure you’re ready for the May 15 deadline

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Unraveling F888: A step-by-step walkthrough of the new F-tag”

[On-demand webinar] Unraveling F888: A step-by-step walkthrough of the new F-tag

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Trauma-Informed Health Literacy: A COVID-19 Perspective”

[On-demand webinar] Trauma-Informed Health Literacy: A COVID-19 Perspective

Featured image for “On-demand PBJ webinar: Weekend Staffing and Staff Turnover [watch now]”

On-demand PBJ webinar: Weekend Staffing and Staff Turnover [watch now]

Featured image for “[Webinar, Jan 20] Learn viable solutions for LTC staffing shortages”

[Webinar, Jan 20] Learn viable solutions for LTC staffing shortages

Featured image for “Free SNF tools for Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) success”

Free SNF tools for Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) success

Featured image for “[Webinar, Dec. 15] Here’s your chance to prepare for what’s next in LTPAC”

[Webinar, Dec. 15] Here’s your chance to prepare for what’s next in LTPAC

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Don’t just stand there! Let’s move forward with LTC clinical care”

[On-demand webinar] Don’t just stand there! Let’s move forward with LTC clinical care

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] VBP Success: Navigating the Future of Value-Based Purchasing”

[On-demand webinar] VBP Success: Navigating the Future of Value-Based Purchasing

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PBJ quarterly check-in: Critical answers to top questions”

[On-demand webinar] PBJ quarterly check-in: Critical answers to top questions

Featured image for “[Registration open!] Get 3 days of in-depth LTC training… Sep 13-15”

[Registration open!] Get 3 days of in-depth LTC training… Sep 13-15

Featured image for “[On-Demand Webinar] Medical Review – It’s Heating Up… strategies for staying cool”

[On-Demand Webinar] Medical Review – It’s Heating Up… strategies for staying cool

Featured image for “[On-demand Webinar] Rebuilding census after COVID-19: A step-by-step system for growth”

[On-demand Webinar] Rebuilding census after COVID-19: A step-by-step system for growth

Featured image for “[On-Demand Webinar] COVID-19 reporting fines: How to keep CMS out of your wallet”

[On-Demand Webinar] COVID-19 reporting fines: How to keep CMS out of your wallet

Featured image for “[Save the date] Get 3 days of LTC training, Sept. 13-15”

[Save the date] Get 3 days of LTC training, Sept. 13-15

Featured image for “[On-Demand Webinar] PDPM retooling BC/AC (before COVID and after COVID)”

[On-Demand Webinar] PDPM retooling BC/AC (before COVID and after COVID)

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] COVID-19 reporting: Curing the headache of compliance”

[On-demand webinar] COVID-19 reporting: Curing the headache of compliance

Featured image for “Treating long COVID: Clinician experience with post-acute COVID-19 care (webinar)”

Treating long COVID: Clinician experience with post-acute COVID-19 care (webinar)

Featured image for “A shot in the arm for LTC facilities – webinar recording and slides available”

A shot in the arm for LTC facilities – webinar recording and slides available

Featured image for “[Webinar, Jan 26] PBJ quarterly check-in: Critical answers to top questions”

[Webinar, Jan 26] PBJ quarterly check-in: Critical answers to top questions

Featured image for “[Urgent webinar, Oct. 1] Texas PASRR: Conducting PEs via phone or video”

[Urgent webinar, Oct. 1] Texas PASRR: Conducting PEs via phone or video

Featured image for “Upcoming NHSN webinars for LTC facilities”

Upcoming NHSN webinars for LTC facilities

Featured image for “COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare protective equipment and supplies (Webinar)”

COVID-19: Optimizing healthcare protective equipment and supplies (Webinar)

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] What you need to know about the MDS 3.0 for October 1, 2020”

[On-demand webinar] What you need to know about the MDS 3.0 for October 1, 2020

Featured image for “Section GG functional outcomes: How to get the real story”

Section GG functional outcomes: How to get the real story

Featured image for “[Registration open!] Get 2 full days of free Texas LTC training… Sep 15-16”

[Registration open!] Get 2 full days of free Texas LTC training… Sep 15-16

Featured image for “COVID-19 surveillance to enable early detection and response to outbreaks: National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) mandatory data collection”

COVID-19 surveillance to enable early detection and response to outbreaks: National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) mandatory data collection

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] What’s your HIPAA risk? Learn the top 5 myths”

[On-demand webinar] What’s your HIPAA risk? Learn the top 5 myths

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Facing the aftermath of COVID-19: How to manage the trauma and rebuild a team”

[On-demand webinar] Facing the aftermath of COVID-19: How to manage the trauma and rebuild a team

Featured image for “Infection prevention/control training: What your SNF needs to do NOW”

Infection prevention/control training: What your SNF needs to do NOW

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Navigating the PBJ chaos”

On-demand webinar: Navigating the PBJ chaos

Featured image for “Residents’ right to retain federal economic incentive payments”

Residents’ right to retain federal economic incentive payments

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Telehealth: What it is and what it’s not during the COVID-19 PHE”

[On-demand webinar] Telehealth: What it is and what it’s not during the COVID-19 PHE

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] COVID-19: The latest updates from the front lines”

[On-demand webinar] COVID-19: The latest updates from the front lines

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Taking GG from good to great: Capturing true baseline and discharge status”

[On-demand webinar] Taking GG from good to great: Capturing true baseline and discharge status

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] COVID-19: Strategy and perspective from the front lines”

[On-demand webinar] COVID-19: Strategy and perspective from the front lines

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Updated HHSC Form 1012 – Mental Illness/Dementia Resident Review”

[On-demand webinar] Updated HHSC Form 1012 – Mental Illness/Dementia Resident Review

Featured image for “SPADEs webinar: Your questions answered!”

SPADEs webinar: Your questions answered!

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] 20/20 vision: What’s in store for PDPM, RoPs, and the MDS”

[On-demand webinar] 20/20 vision: What’s in store for PDPM, RoPs, and the MDS

Featured image for “[Live training, Feb 25] Getting the most from your MDS scrubber rules in SimpleAnalyzer™”

[Live training, Feb 25] Getting the most from your MDS scrubber rules in SimpleAnalyzer™

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] RAI Manual revisions: The name of the new game is SPADEs”

[On-demand webinar] RAI Manual revisions: The name of the new game is SPADEs

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PDPM: How to engage your practitioners for better outcomes”

[On-demand webinar] PDPM: How to engage your practitioners for better outcomes

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] If it’s not documented, it’s not done!”

[On-demand webinar] If it’s not documented, it’s not done!

Featured image for “SimpleAnalyzer™ refresher video now available”

SimpleAnalyzer™ refresher video now available

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: PCSP form changes and requirements”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: PCSP form changes and requirements

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar series] PDPM coding: Avoid these common traps”

[On-demand webinar series] PDPM coding: Avoid these common traps

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PDPM: Getting to know you”

[On-demand webinar] PDPM: Getting to know you

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Oct. 1 changes: RAI manual revisions and the Final Rule update”

[On-demand webinar] Oct. 1 changes: RAI manual revisions and the Final Rule update

Featured image for “[Live training, TX] Diagnosis coding in a PDPM world”

[Live training, TX] Diagnosis coding in a PDPM world

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What you need to know now (June 2019 HHS PTAC)”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What you need to know now (June 2019 HHS PTAC)

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Trauma-informed care: Identifying and treating residents who have experienced trauma”

[On-demand webinar] Trauma-informed care: Identifying and treating residents who have experienced trauma

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Countdown to Oct 1: PDPM coding tips for MDS and ICD-10”

[On-demand webinar] Countdown to Oct 1: PDPM coding tips for MDS and ICD-10

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PDPM in the real world: Solutions and case studies”

[On-demand webinar] PDPM in the real world: Solutions and case studies

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] It takes a village: The team approach to PDPM”

[On-demand webinar] It takes a village: The team approach to PDPM

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Last chance for PCSP form training”

[On-demand webinar] Last chance for PCSP form training

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] 4 critical ways to prepare for PDPM, featuring Ellen Strunk”

[On-demand webinar] 4 critical ways to prepare for PDPM, featuring Ellen Strunk

Featured image for “Psychotropic Medication FAQ: Achieving a successful survey”

Psychotropic Medication FAQ: Achieving a successful survey

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Psychotropic medication: Achieving a successful survey”

[On-demand webinar] Psychotropic medication: Achieving a successful survey

Featured image for “Drug Regimen Reviews FAQ: Answers to your top questions!”

Drug Regimen Reviews FAQ: Answers to your top questions!

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Drug Regimen Reviews: Yes, there are two DRRs!”

[On-demand webinar] Drug Regimen Reviews: Yes, there are two DRRs!

Featured image for “TMHP announces November training webinars for Texas long-term care”

TMHP announces November training webinars for Texas long-term care

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] MDS changes for 2018, featuring Ron Orth”

[On-demand webinar] MDS changes for 2018, featuring Ron Orth

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: Understanding Developmental Disabilities”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: Understanding Developmental Disabilities

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] CoreQ: The future of SNF resident and family satisfaction surveys”

[On-demand webinar] CoreQ: The future of SNF resident and family satisfaction surveys

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What’s next after Form 1013?”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What’s next after Form 1013?

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] QRP: How to stay compliant in 2018 and beyond”

[On-demand webinar] QRP: How to stay compliant in 2018 and beyond

Featured image for “PDPM FAQ: Your critical questions answered!”

PDPM FAQ: Your critical questions answered!

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] PDPM demystified: What you need to know about the new payment model”

[On-demand webinar] PDPM demystified: What you need to know about the new payment model

Featured image for “Summer PASRR training opportunities for Texas providers”

Summer PASRR training opportunities for Texas providers

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Will PBJ erase your star rating?”

[On-demand webinar] Will PBJ erase your star rating?

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] RCS-1 and more: SNF payment models on the horizon”

[On-demand webinar] RCS-1 and more: SNF payment models on the horizon

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas STAR+PLUS: We need to see your credentials!”

[On-demand webinar] Texas STAR+PLUS: We need to see your credentials!

Featured image for “2018 Texas PASRR training from HHS – register now!”

2018 Texas PASRR training from HHS – register now!

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR training – New IDT requirements”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR training – New IDT requirements

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] The future of Medicare Part B therapy caps…are you ready?”

[On-demand webinar] The future of Medicare Part B therapy caps…are you ready?

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Preparing for the new survey process (and new F-tags!)”

[On-demand webinar] Preparing for the new survey process (and new F-tags!)

Featured image for “[On-demand webinars] QRP and MDS updates: 2017 and beyond”

[On-demand webinars] QRP and MDS updates: 2017 and beyond

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Administering the PHQ-9 and maximizing identification of depression”

[On-demand webinar] Administering the PHQ-9 and maximizing identification of depression

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] The RoPs are here! Are you ready for Phase 2?”

[On-demand webinar] The RoPs are here! Are you ready for Phase 2?

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Using the new Texas PASRR NFSS form in SimpleCFS™”

[On-demand webinar] Using the new Texas PASRR NFSS form in SimpleCFS™

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] SNF Value-Based Purchasing and Readmission Rates”

[On-demand webinar] SNF Value-Based Purchasing and Readmission Rates

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] The RoPs are here! Do you know what’s changing?”

[On-demand webinar] The RoPs are here! Do you know what’s changing?

Featured image for “Texas NFs: Register now for 2017 PASRR training webinars from HHS”

Texas NFs: Register now for 2017 PASRR training webinars from HHS

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] The 2017 Texas MCO environment: What you need to know”

[On-demand webinar] The 2017 Texas MCO environment: What you need to know

Featured image for “CMS releases new Q&A document for SNF QRP training”

CMS releases new Q&A document for SNF QRP training

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] New QRP quality reporting changes – are you ready?”

[On-demand webinar] New QRP quality reporting changes – are you ready?

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] MDS 3.0 Section GG: Completion and coding requirements”

[On-demand webinar] MDS 3.0 Section GG: Completion and coding requirements

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: All about NF Specialized Services – 2016”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: All about NF Specialized Services – 2016

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] RAI manual updates for MDS 3.0 – 2016”

[On-demand webinar] RAI manual updates for MDS 3.0 – 2016

Featured image for “[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What you need to know now – 2016”

[On-demand webinar] Texas PASRR: What you need to know now – 2016

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Upcoming MDS 3.0 changes – Section GG and more”

On-demand webinar: Upcoming MDS 3.0 changes – Section GG and more

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: How to navigate the Texas Managed Care/MCO environment”

On-demand webinar: How to navigate the Texas Managed Care/MCO environment

Featured image for “DADS announces new web-based Texas PASRR training”

DADS announces new web-based Texas PASRR training

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Texas PASRR–What you need to know now”

On-demand webinar: Texas PASRR–What you need to know now

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: MDS 3.0 changes/RAI manual changes for 2015”

On-demand webinar: MDS 3.0 changes/RAI manual changes for 2015

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Texas MCO Prior Authorizations”

On-demand webinar: Texas MCO Prior Authorizations

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: New Texas PASRR IDT meeting documentation requirements”

On-demand webinar: New Texas PASRR IDT meeting documentation requirements

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: 6 keys to Texas Medicaid MCO success”

On-demand webinar: 6 keys to Texas Medicaid MCO success

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Using SimpleCFS™ for Texas Medicaid managed care”

On-demand webinar: Using SimpleCFS™ for Texas Medicaid managed care

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: MDS Focused Survey & Staffing Survey”

On-demand webinar: MDS Focused Survey & Staffing Survey

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Texas STAR+PLUS Managed Care”

On-demand webinar: Texas STAR+PLUS Managed Care

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: ADL coding for MDS 3.0”

On-demand webinar: ADL coding for MDS 3.0

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: MDS 3.0 and RAI Manual changes for 2014”

On-demand webinar: MDS 3.0 and RAI Manual changes for 2014

Featured image for “On-demand webinar: Texas PASRR Phase 2 changes”

On-demand webinar: Texas PASRR Phase 2 changes